Dmicode这款软件可以在linux操作系统中收集硬件信息，该软件遵循SMBIOS标准，其输出的信息包括系统制造商、型号、序列号、BIOS版本、CPU、内存、PCI、及I/O接口等，该软件非常强大也非常实用。

SMBIOS（System Management BIOS）和DMI（Desktop Management Interface）都是由DMTF（Desktop Management Task Force）起草的开放性的技术标准，DMTF组织于1992年成立，DMTF工作组致力于分布式IT系统的有效管理，通过聚合众多IT厂商一起来进行管理系统的开发、效用及改进等标准化工作。其官方网站为：http://www.dmtf.org/

以下为常用的dmidecode命令：
1、精简显示dmi信息
#dmidecode -q
2、查看设备的型号
dmidecode | grep ‘Product Name’
3、查看设备的序列号
dmidecode |grep ‘Serial Number’
4、查看系统的序列号
dmidecode -s system-serial-number
5、查看内存槽位及内存大小
dmidecode|grep –P –A5 “Memory\s+Device”|grep Size|grep –v Range
6、查看支持的最大内存数
dmidecode|grep –P ‘Maximum\s+Capacity’

dmidecode参数string关键字如下：
bios-vendor
bios-version
bios-release-date
system-manufacturer
system-product-name
system-version
system-serial-number
system-uuid
baseboard-manufacturer
baseboard-product-name
baseboard-version
baseboard-serial-number
baseboard-asset-tag
chassis-manufacturer
chassis-type
chassis-version
chassis-serial-number
chassis-asset-tag
processor-family
processor-manufacturer
processor-version
processor-frequency

dmidecode参数type关键字如下：
bios
system
baseboard
chassis
processor
memory
Cache
connector
slot

type全部编码列表：
0 BIOS
1 System
2 Base Board
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply
40 Additional Information
41 Onboard Device

更多关于dmidecode的信息，参见http://www.nongnu.org/dmidecode/
更多关于SMBIOS的信息，参见http://www.dmtf.org/cn/standards/smbios