标签归档:kernel

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release Dates

The tables below list the major and minor Red Hat Enterprise Linux updates, their release dates, and the kernel versions that shipped with them.

Red Hat does not generally disclose future release schedules.
Refer to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle Policy for details on the life cycle of Red Hat Enterprise Linux releases.

To find your Red Hat Enterprise Linux release please:Raw

$ cat /etc/redhat-release

To find your kernel version please:Raw

$ uname -a

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

ReleaseGeneral Availability Dateredhat-release Errata Date*Kernel Version
RHEL 82019-05-074.18.0-80

Codename: Ootpa (is based on Fedora 28, upstream Linux kernel 4.18, systemd 239, and GNOME 3.28.)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

ReleaseGeneral Availability Dateredhat-release Errata Date*Kernel Version
RHEL 7.62018-10-302018-10-30 RHBA-2018:30143.10.0-957
RHEL 7.52018-04-102018-04-10 RHEA-2018:07003.10.0-862
RHEL 7.42017-07-312017-07-31 RHBA-2017:18503.10.0-693
RHEL 7.32016-11-032016-11-03 RHEA-2016-25443.10.0-514
RHEL 7.22015-11-192015-11-19 RHEA-2015:24613.10.0-327
RHEL 7.12015-03-052015-03-05 RHEA-2015:05243.10.0-229
RHEL 7.0 GA2014-06-093.10.0-123
RHEL 7.0 Beta2013-12-113.10.0-54.0.1

Codename: Maipo (based on a mix of Fedora 19, Fedora 20, and several modifications)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

ReleaseGeneral Availability Dateredhat-release Errata Date*Kernel Version
RHEL 6.102018-06-192018-06-19 RHBA-2018:18562.6.32-754
RHEL 6.92017-03-212017-03-21 RHSA-2017:08172.6.32-696
RHEL 6.82016-05-102016-05-10 RHSA-2016:0855-12.6.32-642
RHEL 6.72015-07-222015-07-22 RHEA-2015:14232.6.32-573
RHEL 6.62014-10-142014-10-13 RHEA-2014:16082.6.32-504
RHEL 6.52013-11-212013-11-20 RHSA-2013:1645-22.6.32-431
RHEL 6.42013-02-212013-02-21 RHSA-2013-04962.6.32-358
RHEL 6.32012-06-202012-06-19 RHSA-2012-08622.6.32-279
RHEL 6.22011-12-062011-12-06 RHEA-2011:17432.6.32-220
RHEL 6.12011-05-192011-05-19 RHEA-2011:05402.6.32-131.0.15
RHEL 6.02010-11-092.6.32-71

Codename: Santiago (based on a mix of Fedora 12, Fedora 13, and several modifications)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5

ReleaseGeneral Availability Dateredhat-release Errata Date*Kernel Version
RHEL 5.112014-09-162014-09-16 RHEA-2014-12382.6.18-398
RHEL 5.102013-10-012013-09-30 RHEA-2013-13112.6.18-371
RHEL 5.92013-01-072013-01-07 RHEA-2013-00212.6.18-348
RHEL 5.82012-02-202012-02-20 RHEA-2012:03152.6.18-308
RHEL 5.72011-07-212011-07-20 RHEA-2011:09772.6.18-274
RHEL 5.62011-01-132011-01-12 RHEA-2011:00202.6.18-238
RHEL 5.52010-03-302010-03-30 RHEA-2010:02072.6.18-194
RHEL 5.42009-09-022009-09-02 RHEA-2009:14002.6.18-164
RHEL 5.32009-01-202009-01-20 RHEA-2009:01332.6.18-128
RHEL 5.22008-05-212008-05-20 RHEA-2008:04362.6.18-92
RHEL 5. 12007-11-072007-11-07 RHEA-2007:08542.6.18-53
RHEL 5.02007-03-152.6.18-8

Codename: Tikanga (based on Fedora Core 6)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4

Release/UpdateGeneral Availability Dateredhat-release Errata Date*Kernel Version
RHEL 4 Update 92011-02-162011-02-16 RHEA-2011:02512.6.9-100
RHEL 4 Update 82009-05-192009-05-18 RHEA-2009:10022.6.9-89
RHEL 4 Update 72008-07-292008-07-24 RHEA-2008:07692.6.9-78
RHEL 4 Update 62007-11-152007-11-15 RHBA-2007:08972.6.9-67
RHEL 4 Update 52007-05-012007-04-27 RHBA-2007:01962.6.9-55
RHEL 4 Update 42006-08-102006-08-10 RHBA-2006:06012.6.9-42
RHEL 4 Update 32006-03-122006-03-07 RHBA-2006:01492.6.9-34
RHEL 4 Update 22005-10-052005-10-05 RHEA-2005:7862.6.9-22
RHEL 4 Update 12005-06-082005-06-08 RHEA-2005:3182.6.9-11
RHEL 4 GA2005-02-152.6.9-5

Codename: Nahant (based on Fedora Core 3)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3

Release/UpdateGeneral Availability DateKernel Version
RHEL 3 Update 92007-06-202.4.21-50
RHEL 3 Update 82006-07-202.4.21-47
RHEL 3 Update 72006-03-172.4.21-40
RHEL 3 Update 62005-09-282.4.21-37
RHEL 3 Update 52005-05-182.4.21-32
RHEL 3 Update 42004-12-122.4.21-27
RHEL 3 Update 32004-09-032.4.21-20
RHEL 3 Update 22004-05-122.4.21-15
RHEL 3 Update 12004-01-162.4.21-9
RHEL 3 GA2003-10-222.4.21-4

Codename: Taroon (based on Red Hat Linux 9)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1

Release/UpdateGeneral Availability DateKernel Version
RHEL 2.1 Update 72005-04-28
RHEL 2.1 Update 62004-12-132.4.9-e.57
RHEL 2.1 Update 52004-08-182.4.9-e.49
RHEL 2.1 Update 42004-04-212.4.9-e.40
RHEL 2.1 Update 32004-12-192.4.9-e.34
RHEL 2.1 Update 22003-03-292.4.9-e.24
RHEL 2.1 Update 12003-02-142.4.9-e.12
RHEL 2.1 GA2002-03-232.4.9-e.3

Codename: Pensacola (AS) / Panama (ES) (based on Red Hat Linux 7.2)

* Helpful when cloning channels in Satellite for a minor version plus all errata prior to the next minor release using spacewalk-clone-by-date or the webUI.

linux系统tcpdump丢包问题解决方法

在一台suse linux上使用tcpdump命令抓包,出现“packets dropped by kernel”,一般造成这种丢包的原因是libcap抓到包后,tcpdump上层没有及时取出,导致libcap缓冲区溢出,从而覆盖了未处理包,显示为dropped by kernel,这里的kernel并不是说是被linux内核抛弃的,而是被tcpdump的内核,即libcap抛弃掉。
解决方法:

根据以上分析,可以通过改善tcpdump上层的处理效率来减少丢包率,下面的几步根据需要选用,每一步都能减少一定的丢包率。

1.最小化抓取过滤范围,即通过指定网卡,端口,包流向,包大小减少包数量

2. 添加-n参数,禁止反向域名解析
tcpdump -i eth0 dst port 1234 and udp -s 2048 -n -X -tt >a.pack
大多数情况这样就可以解决
可以通过改善tcpdump上层的处理效率来减少丢包率

3. 将数据包输出到cap文件
tcpdump -i eth0 dst port 1234 and udp -s 2048 -n -X -tt -w a.cap

4. 用sysctl修改SO_REVBUF参数,增加libcap缓冲区长度